Heat exchanger



Nov. 26, 1940. G, JACO'CKS 2,223,320

HEAT EXCHANGER Filed Nov. 30, 1939 INVENTOR Geozye ZJawdas' ATTORN Y Patented Nov. 26, 1940 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE George T. J acocks, Larchmont, N. Y., assignmto The Lummus Company, New York, N. Y., a corporation ofDelaware Application November 30, 1939, Serial No. 306,831

5 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in heat exchangers of the shell and tube type and more particularly to an improved channel construction therefor.

It has heretofore been proposed that heat exchangers be provided with flanges adjacent the respective ends of the heat exchanger shell and that the fixed tube sheet, channel, and shell cover each be bolted through these external flanges. Such construction requires the provision of extra metal, which involves extra weight and extra bolts, larger gaskets, and in general embraces elements which are found extremely expensive.

It is one of the principal objects of my invention to provide a heat exchanger construction in which the fixed tube sheet of the tube bundle and the channel are of a diameter small-- bundle and extends only to the fixed tube sheet,v

such shell having a telescopic extension portion secured thereto to provide for attachment of the channel to the fixed tube-sheet.

Another and more specific object of the invention is to provide an inexpensive construction for a heat exchanger for moderate duty service, having a simplified construction for securing the channel to the shell using a. minimum number of parts and being detachably secured to the shell by securing devices, all of which are within the shell.

Further objects and advantages of my invention will appear from the following description of a preferred form of embodiment thereof taken in connection with the attached drawing,

7 in which Fig. l is an elevation with parts in section of the channel end of a heat exchanger;

Fig. 2 is a bottom view with parts broken away and in section of the exchanger shown in Fig. 1.

In my copending application, Serial No. 172,567, filed Nov. 3, 1937, I have disclosed a heat exchanger in which the shell is of a substantially continuous diameter with all of the parts, including the shell cover, fixed tube sheet,

- and channel, secured to the internal wallthereof. Such construction is far cheaper than the standard fianged type of construction and has many operating advantages.

In accordance with the present invention, I have availed myself of the advantage of a continuous shell which is somewhat shorter than the shell for an equivalent sized exchanger as shown in my copending application, and I have eliminated the necessity of securing internal rings as lands for attachment of the fixed tube sheet.

In accordance with this preferred form of embodiment of my invention, the heat exchanger shell Ill is conveniently of a uniform diameter, but it only extends to the tube sheet l2 from whichthe tubes l4 extend to form the tube bundle. Extending beyond this shell I and as a continuation thereof, I have provided an extension l6 which is also preferably a cylinder which telescopes over the shell Ill and overlaps the edge sufficiently to form a joint. I find that a preferred type ofjoint is made by drilling through the wall of this cylindrical extension portion i6 and partially into the shell I 0 at spaced points on the periphery and thereafter inserting plugs l8 which may be firmly held in place by solder or other material IS. The edge of the joint between the extension l6 and the shell I!) is suitably welded as at 20 to make a permanent connection.

It will be appreciated that the primary reaction of the extension It with respect to the shell II] is a longitudinal force along the axis, with the result that the pins I8 are placed in shear and will adequately anchor the extension Hi to the heat exchanger shell. It is preferable that the shell Ill be not fully perforated, thereby avoiding any leaks. The pins ,l8 will be of suitably hardened material to resist the combined pressure and closure load of the channel thereon.

The channel may be of a multiple or a single part type and in the present form of embodie ment, I have shown a typical channel which includes a cover member 22 and a central pass baiiie 23 which form the chambers 24 and 25 for the nozzles 26 and 21, whereby the fluid may pass into and out of the respective tubes M in the tube bundle. This channel is adapted to engage the outer surface of the fixed tube sheet i2 and to be sealed thereto as by suitable gaskets. The tube sheet l2, in turn, rests on the edge llia of the shell Hi, and sealing loads are carried directly to the main shell body in this manner.

The channel securing means may most effectively include a bull ring having a series of segments 28, 28a, and 28b which are provided with ofiset portions 280, which engage in a suitable groove near the outer end of the shell extension it. The bull ring segments are suitably tapped to receive the hold down bolts 29,, certain'of the hold down bolts being placed between the split sections of the adjacent bull ring segments as shown in Fig. 2, whereby dislocation of the segments is prevented. It will be noted that the segment 28!) has parallel sides so that it may be disassembled first to permit the disassembly of the parts 28 and 280.,

The hold down bolts 29 are relatively short in length and act directly on the cover 22 of the channel. Preferably these bolts have their inner ends 29a. engaging in a shallow groove 22w in the channel cover whereby any outward movement of the bull ring and bolts will be resisted. Forces tending to cause such objectionable movement are reduced to the minimum, however, by having the bolts substantially in line with the gaskets between the channel and the fixed tube sheet, and the fixed tube sheet and the edge of the shell I0, and having the shear reactions on the pins i8 and bull ring portions 280 in alignment.

The nozzles are secured to the channel in any desired manner as by screw threading as shown in Fig. l, or they maybe integrally secured to the channel extension and provided with re-, tractable couplings as described in my copending application, Serial No. 174,330, filed November 13, 1937, which matured into Patent No. 2,207,036, issued July 9, 1940. With an inexpensive construction it is preferable to screw thread the nozzles into the channel wall as this is the simplest and facilitates the removal of the nozzle when the channel is to be removed from the shell.

The construction shown would be equally suitable for securing a cover directly to the end of a shell or tank or other vemel, in which the cover is of smaller diameter than the extension, but of substantially the same diameter as the principal part of the Vessel. Advantages of economy, security, and simplicity reside in such. a structure.

While I have shown a preferred form of embodiment of my invention, I am aware that modifications may be made thereto and I, therefore, desire a broad interpretation of my invention within the scope and spirit of the disclosure herein and of the claims appended hereinafter.

I claim:

1. In a vessel of the class described having a substantially cylindrical body portion, a substantially cylindrical extension portion telescoped thereover, means to secure said extension portion to the body portion, including a plurality of shear pinsproiecting into said body portion, a partition member of smaller diameter than said extension portion end of substantially the same diameter as the body portion, said partition member resting on the end of said body portion, and means secured to the interior of the extension portion and engaging the partition member to seal said partition member to said body portion, said means including a plurality of ring forming segmental members of larger diameter than the inner diameter of the extension portion and projecting laterally into engagement with said extension portion in axially immovable relation, and a plurality of bolts extending through the segmental members and adjustably holding said partition member against said body portion.

2. In a heat exchanger of the class described having a substantially cylindrical shell, a shell extension telescoped thereon, shear. means to hold said shell extension against longitudinal movement with respect to the shell, a tube sheet within said shell extension and of a diameter to engage the end of the shell, a channel and segmental bull ring means engaging the interior of the shell extension and having adjustable means engaging the channel to hold the tube sheet in place.

3. A heat exchanger of the class described in cluding a shell, a shell extension surrounding said shell, transversely extending plugs projecting partially through the shell extension into the shell, a channel embraced within said shell extension, a tube bundle including a fixed tube sheet engaging the end of the shell, and means to secure said channel with respect to the interior of said shell extension and to engage the fixed tube sheet in a liquid tight manner, said means including a plurality of ring forming segmental members of larger diameter than the inner diameter of the extension portion and projecting laterally into engagement with said extension portion in axially immovable relation, and a plurality of bolts extending through the segmental members and adjustably holding said channel against said body portion.

4. A heat exchanger comprising a substantially cylindrical shell, a telescoping shell extension secured theret a tube bundle including a fixed tube sheet engaging the end of said shell, a channel within said shell extension, re-

movable means to secure said channel against said fixed tube sheet and to the interior of said shell extension, and nozzles screw threaded into said channel whereby said channel may be removed from said shell extension.

: 5. In a heat exchanger of the class described, the combination of ashell, a tube bundle includiiig a fixed tube sheet therefor, said tube sheet engaging the end of said shell and having an outer diameter substantially the same as the outer diameter of the shell; a shell extension embracing the shell and tube sheet, shear resisting means to anchor the shell extension to the shell and means to secure the tube bundle to the shell, said tube bundle securing means being within the extension and having parts in shear engaging the shell extension, which are in longitudinal alignmentwith the shell extension shear 

